{"id":5995,"date":"2015-09-24T09:23:07","date_gmt":"2015-09-24T17:23:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calcanstaging.kinsta.cloud\/?p=5995"},"modified":"2015-09-24T09:23:07","modified_gmt":"2015-09-24T17:23:07","slug":"from-the-heart-of-the-drought-an-interview-with-tom-willey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/from-the-heart-of-the-drought-an-interview-with-tom-willey\/","title":{"rendered":"From the Heart of the Drought: An Interview with Tom Willey"},"content":{"rendered":"

In California\u2019s Central Valley, farmers have \"Tom<\/a>been coping with diminishing water supplies, rising water costs, and other impacts of the ongoing drought. At CalCAN\u2019s Climate and Agriculture Summit<\/a> in March, Tom Willey of T&D Willey Farms<\/a> discussed the impacts of drought and how he has responded to water shortages on his farm in Madera County.<\/p>\n

Since 1981, Tom has grown an array of organic vegetables on his 75-acre farm with his wife Denesse. Specialty markets, restaurants, and Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) members enjoy Tom\u2019s produce. Until recently, Tom served as Slow Food USA\u2019s governor for the Central Valley, and he also advocates for sustainable agriculture through his writing, speaking, event organizing, and his monthly radio program, \u201cDown on the Farm.\u201d<\/p>\n

CalCAN Communications Associate Sharon Licht recently checked in with Tom for an update on his farm and the Central Valley as a whole.<\/p>\n

—-<\/p>\n

SL: You spoke at our Summit in March about challenges regarding the drought and water issues. Now that we\u2019re in the heat of summer, what\u2019s the status on your farm and the region generally?<\/strong><\/p>\n

TW: We lost a shallow well on the farm in the past month or so, and we had to come up with an alternative supply. Shallow wells are going dry all over the county. It\u2019s impossible to drill a new one or deepen an older one unless you\u2019re already on a waiting list for a driller\u2014most are booked for up to a year or two. On our farm, we plumbed into our deeper (500 ft) irrigation well. This well is designed to pump 1,000 gallons per minute, but at the moment, performance is closer to 650 gallons per minute. What I can say is that another dry winter would definitely spell disaster.<\/p>\n

SL: You also spoke about practices like building soil health, irrigation, and crop selection. Can you tell us more about your response to the water shortage this summer? <\/strong><\/p>\n

TW: What certainly works is putting a lot of organic matter into our soils. Even though we\u2019re in a hot and dry climate, we\u2019re able to hold our soil organic matter at about 1.5 to 2 percent. And the average around here\u2014if you\u2019re not doing intensive cover cropping or composting\u2014it\u2019s about 0.5 to 1 percent. We\u2019ve noticed the water holding capacity of our soils has significantly improved over the past 20 years. We\u2019re able to capture and utilize much more of the winter rain.<\/p>\n

And we narrowed down our cropping program. Two years ago, we grew 50 different crops, but it just doesn\u2019t make sense to use precious water resources to grow crops you\u2019re only trading dollars on. Now we\u2019ve moved away from what\u2019s marginally profitable, and we grow between 35 and 40 annual crops.<\/p>\n

SL: You mentioned you grow summer crops that are high producing, which helps reduce water demands.<\/strong><\/p>\n

TW: Right. We grow staked and trellised high production crops during peak water demand\u2014tomatoes, peppers, eggplant that can be grown more intensively. In the summer, we\u2019re farming the least amount of acreage, about 50 percent of our land, while still generating high revenues. Right now we water three times a week, and during the winter, maybe once a week. Most of Madera County is in permanent crops, so most growers fallow during winter. We do the opposite. It helps balance our demand for water.<\/p>\n

SL: In addition to improving water retention, building soil health can increase carbon sequestration. What are your thoughts on that? <\/strong><\/p>\n

TW: Well, I\u2019ve done a lot of reading on this, and I think a lot of work needs to be done in developing tools and measurement devices to demonstrate long-term carbon storage below the first foot of topsoil. If we can do that, I certainly think it\u2019s appropriate to reward farmers who can maintain higher levels of carbon in their soils, particularly here in California where we have a cap-and-trade program with a carbon market. In particular, we need to look at orchards and vineyards that practice little to no tillage\u2014they have a large potential for carbon storage. It\u2019s more challenging to get farmers in low rainfall areas to do no till and cover cropping because of water availability and cost, which shows why we need to reward farmers for these practices.<\/p>\n

SL: At the Summit, you mentioned that dry years we\u2019re seeing now will be offset by very wet years in the future, during which time we should flood the valley to recharge groundwater. <\/strong><\/p>\n

TW: In the latest California Agriculture<\/em><\/a>, an important article describes a statewide survey of farmlands, identifying which are most appropriate for wintertime flooding to recharge groundwater. Insightful people are realizing we will start seeing cycles of dry years and wet ones with near-flooding. Even if we get a wet year with normal rainfall, we won\u2019t have normal snowpack, so we need to redesign our system to figure out how to capture that winter rainfall.<\/p>\n

I would certainly consider seasonal flooding on my farm. We would sacrifice a certain amount of acreage to do our part and hopefully other farmers would do the same. It has to be a concerted effort. Incentives have to be created for farmers. We can no longer pump indiscriminately, so we need to give more attention to recharging groundwater.<\/p>\n

—-<\/p>\n

Many thanks to Tom for his insight!
\nThe audio of his March 2015 Summit talk can be found aqu\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Last week, he issued his second proclamation of drought emergency since the start of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abPolicy\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Policy","link":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/category\/policy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4783,"url":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/ag-climate-news-round-up-week-of-june-22-2014\/","url_meta":{"origin":5995,"position":3},"title":"Ag & Climate News Round-Up: Week of June 22, 2014","author":"Adam Kotin","date":"junio 26, 2014 4:49 pm","format":false,"excerpt":"California Cherry Crop Down 63%; Lowest since '98 We\u2019ve known for a while that this year\u2019s California cherry harvest\u00a0would be light,\u00a0but numbers\u00a0released this week\u00a0by USDA\u2019s National Agricultural Statistics Service are still stunning. 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Insufficient winter \u2018chill hours,\u2019 defined as the cumulative number of hours below 45 degrees Fahrenheit, can\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abPeople\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"People","link":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/category\/people\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Courtesy of UC Davis","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/calclimateag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/chillinghours-table1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5995"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5995\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/calclimateag.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}